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Nepal’s poor education system is creating greying ghost towns at the “roof of the world”

Parents in Tibetan villages in Nepal are sending their children away for school in droves, threatening the existence of villages that have been around for centuries and hastening the country’s rapidly aging population.
For years, Nepal has suffered from a youth drain—as many as 300,000 young people , or about 1% of its population, are estimated to leave the country every year to find work across the border in India and elsewhere in Asia. The country’s number of “educational migrants” are relatively high too—in 2010, there were over 24,000 Nepali students studying outside the country, according to UNESCO. As a result, the growth of Nepal’s elderly population has been much faster than its overall population growth for much of the past two decades.
Now, a lack of education prospects is emptying out villages in the Himalayan highlands as well. According to a recent study (pdf) by the Mountain Research and Development Journal that looked at rural valley communities along the Nepalese border with Tibet, as many as 75% of youths between the ages of 10 and 19 were living away from home in 2012 and were unlikely to return.

“Taken together, the outmigration of young people, a low birth rate and population aging raises the specter of a massive population decline,” said co-author Sienna Craig, from Dartmouth University. According to the researchers, their report marks the first documented case of large-scale outmigration caused by parent’s drive for education, not disease, famine or labor market demands.
Nubri, Tsum, and Mustang are ethnically Tibetan villages have that held a low status in Nepal’s Hindu caste hierarchy since they were incorporated into the country in 1850s, and never developed strong education and healthcare. Now, a network of Tibetan monasteries and boarding schools in India and more populous areas of Nepal are recruiting from rural Himalayan villages with limited education prospects—and appealing to parents who believe their children deserve a culturally Tibetan education. The study predicts that these villages, which consist mostly of herders and farmers, could see a population decline of as much as 60% in the next five decades. One resident said:
“I have so much land, but no real amdani . [Nepali for “income.”] This is one of the reasons I’ve sent my children to school and now they are abroad. It used to be enough to stay in the village. But the days of planting barley and drinking chang [barley beer], planting buckwheat and eating dhiro [a coarse, mush-like staple common in non-rice growing communities] are over now.”
The effect of educational migrants is a worsening brain drain for these rural villages. In Nubri, only 8% of women and 20% of men between the ages of 20-29 had achieved 10th-grade education. Elder care in the highlands of Nepal, where the older generations have traditionally depended on their children and grandchildren to care for them, could also deteriorate further. Already, Nepal is one of the worst countries in the world to grow old—it ranked 77th out of 91 countries surveyed, the lowest in South Asia, according to the United Nation’s Global Age Watch.
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How to Safely Take Kids to the Playground

I cannot tell you that by going to a playground right now, you or your child aren’t exposing yourselves to at least some risk of c ontracting COVID-19. But I see you out there, parents of little kids who are desperate to get them out of the house and burn off some of their energy . If you’ve been debating whether or not to venture out to a playground, there are some precautions you can take to make the outing safer.
Remember that risk is a spectrum
We’ve mentioned before that it’s helpful to think of risk as a spectrum . Going to a crowded indoor bar to drink and socialize all night presents much more risk than going on a physically distanced walk outdoors with a friend—with a range of other activities in- between. Generally, b eing outdoors is safer than being indoors. Being distanced from others is better than not. Those l iving with someone who is high risk face different considerations than those who don’t. And living in an area with a surging number of cases makes basically anything riskier.
All of these considerations should be factored into any outing you take in order to help you further reduce your risk. In this case, you’ll want to choose a playground that is, ideally, empty or—at the very least—not crowded. If you can get there first thing in the morning, its many kid-touched surfaces will have been sitting overnight, which may reduce the possibility of picking up germs from the swings or monkey bars.
Take the usual precautions
By now, we know what these are, right? Wearing masks and washing or sanitizing our hands and avoiding touching our faces: these are basic ways to protect ourselves—and each other—from the coronavirus.
So, wash your hands and your kid’s hands before you go out and sanitize or wash them as soon as possible after they’re done playing (if you have any, consider carrying sanitizer with you to use periodically as they play ) . Wear a mask and have your child wear a mask (unless they are under age 2). Avoid eating snacks while you’re there—or be sure to sanitize or wash their hands thoroughly before they eat.
You may also consider bringing along a change of clothes for them in case you feel they’re had too much potential exposure. Alternately, have them bathe or change clothes as soon as they get home.
Go ahead and hover
Normally, I’m pretty anti-helicopter parenting. But if ever there is a time to hover, it is while allowing your young child to play amongst other young children during a pandemic. Dr. Amina Ahmed explains why to PopSugar :
“You can have your child go down the slide but you’re going to have to be right there to make sure they’re not touching the slide after another child and then touching their nose and their eyes,” Dr. Ahmed told us. “And if you decide that you’re going to wear the mask, which I would encourage, then try to make sure they keep that mask on and that they’re not running toward another child to hug them.”
There still may be some slip-ups, some yanking off of the mask and rubbing of the eyes, but the more you can head off any face-touching or too-close interactions with other kids, the better.
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Sniper ghost warrior contracts 2.

- Parents say (3)
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Based on 3 parent reviews
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It is playable with gore off, amazing game son loves it.
Sniper Ghost Warrior Contracts 2 (2021 Video Game)
Parents guide, certification.
Sniper: Ghost Warrior 3 (2017 Video Game)
- Parents Guide
Certification
- Sex & Nudity (1)
- Violence & Gore (11)
- Profanity (3)
- Alcohol, Drugs & Smoking (1)
- Frightening & Intense Scenes (8)
- Spoilers (1)
Sex & Nudity
- Mild 1 of 3 found this mild Severity? None 1 Mild 1 Moderate 0 Severe 1 We were unable to submit your evaluation. Please try again later.
- Two of the side characters are a bit scantily dressed. Nothing major. Edit
Violence & Gore
- Severe 2 of 4 found this severe Severity? None 0 Mild 0 Moderate 2 Severe 2 We were unable to submit your evaluation. Please try again later.
- When heavy 50. Cal snipers are used on enemies it can realistically decapitate heads leaving just the lower jaw and below intact. Edit
- Most of the extremely severe violence isn't caused by the player but is rather seen throughout the environment as you play. Examples being dismembered/mutilated bodies laying around in ditches from extremist executions. Though the gameplay itself is very graphic in its own right, the most graphic instances are seen by the player instead of committed by the player. Edit
- If Sniper Ghost Warrior 3 was a movie it would be rated R for graphic violence and strong language Edit
- The player has to complete various mission objectives to progress the story. Enemies are primarily dispatched from long-range with the sniper rifle, or attacked with assault rifles and pistols. Edit
- The player can also carry out stealth attacks by stabbing a knife into an enemy's neck or knocking them out using physical blows. Edit
- Blood spurts are visible when characters are shot and blood decals may stain surrounding surfaces. Edit
- The depiction of violence is sometimes highlighted by a slow-motion sequence if an enemy is shot on the head from a distance. Edit
- During the sequence, the bullet's trajectory from the rifle muzzle to the enemy's head is visible in close-up view, which also contains some details of gore when the victim's head is blown apart into pieces. In some instances, this may also result in decapitation. Edit
- Violence is also depicted in some cinematic cut-scenes. The strongest scene depicts a woman who stabs a knife into a man's hand during an interrogation. Edit
- As the violence is realistic and contains details of bloodletting and injuries, it would be more suitable for older players. Edit
- Overall, various depictions of realistic violence are featured, in fashions such as killing, maiming and/or causing serious injury to human characters, but the violence itself is not sadistic, cruel and/or abhorrent. Edit
- Severe 3 of 3 found this severe Severity? None 0 Mild 0 Moderate 0 Severe 3 We were unable to submit your evaluation. Please try again later.
- Frequent use of strong language, such as 'motherfucker' are voiced. Edit
- The game also contains frequent use of coarse language, including the expletive "f**k", as well as the stronger expletive "motherf**ker". Edit
- These are, thus, appropriate for older players. Edit
Alcohol, Drugs & Smoking
- Moderate 1 of 1 found this moderate Severity? None 0 Mild 0 Moderate 1 Severe 0 We were unable to submit your evaluation. Please try again later.
- Enemy guards can be seen smoking Edit
Frightening & Intense Scenes
- Mild 2 of 3 found this mild Severity? None 0 Mild 2 Moderate 0 Severe 1 We were unable to submit your evaluation. Please try again later.
- Aftermath of mass executions on civilians can be seen throughout the open world. The aftermath is usually very disturbing with the corpses being very mutilated. Edit
- Traversing the torture basement that is filled to the brim with bodies is extremely disturbing and gruesome. Edit
- 'Sniper Ghost Warrior 3' is a first-person shooter that takes place in Georgia, which is engulfed in a civil war. The main character, Jon, is a captain of the United States Marines who carries out various military covert missions to bring peace to Georgia. Edit
- Due to the game's depiction of violence, and inclusion of coarse language, it would be more appropriate for players aged 18 and above. Edit
- Green: General - Suitable for all ages, parental guidance may be advised for some content/thematic elements, the strongest of which are in bold. Edit
- Blue: Age Advisory - Suitable for 16 and above, parental guidance strongly recommended, due to moderate portrayal of some content. Edit
- Age Recommendation/Restriction - Suitable for 18 and above (i.e. matured individuals), strong sexual material, mature themes, drug use, violence & gore and language placed here. Edit
The Parents Guide items below may give away important plot points.
- In a particular mission you will infiltrate an enemy base. In the basement a torture like chamber is present. Body parts, entrails, brain matter and skinned flesh can be found, most the bodies are civilians. Most graphic section in the game. Edit
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In Alabama, individuals are no longer considered minors when they turn 19 years of age. At that age, they may enter into contracts without the consent of a parent or legal guardian.
Parents in Tibetan villages in Nepal are sending their children away for school in droves, threatening the existence of villages that have been around for centuries and hastening the country’s rapidly aging population. Parents in Tibetan vi...
I cannot tell you that by going to a playground right now, you or your child aren’t exposing yourselves to at least some risk of contracting COVID-19. But I see you out there, parents of little kids who are desperate to get them out of the ...
Parents need to know that Sniper Ghost Warrior Contracts 2 is an action/adventure game for the Xbox Series X/S, Xbox One, PlayStation 4, and
Read Sniper Ghost Warrior Contracts 2 reviews from parents on Common Sense Media. Become a member to write your own review.
Sniper Ghost Warrior Contracts 2 (Video Game 2021) Parents Guide and Certifications from around the world.
Parents Guide · Sex & Nudity (1) · Violence & Gore (12) · Profanity (3) · Alcohol, Drugs & Smoking (1) · Frightening & Intense Scenes (8) · Certification.
Parents: The game was rated M by the ESRB and contains Blood and Gore, Drug Reference, Intense Violence, and Strong Language. Swearing
Family Gaming Guide. A user-friendly guide to help provide you with the key information you need to manage your kids' video game experiences
Family Gaming Guide. A user-friendly guide to help provide you with the key information you need to manage your kids' video game experiences
Rating: Teen Content Descriptions: Fantasy Violence, Use of Drugs Sniper Ghost Warrior Contracts 2 (PlayStation 4, Xbox One, PC) Rating:
Readers Common Sensation Media's Sniper Ghost Fighting Contracts 2 review, age rating, and parents guide. WebSniper: Ghost Warrior (Video Game 2010) Parents
Sniper Ghost Warrior players have never taken down targets from such extreme distances before. Sniper Ghost Warrior Contracts 2 introduces fans to a
Sniper Ghost Warrior Contracts · Rating: MA15+ · Consumer Advice: Strong violence, online interactivity · Release Date: 22 Nov 19.